Familiarity with Internet sources for genome-wide data; basic skills in using tools at these web sites; understanding how modern high-throughput methods generate sequence data and gene and protein expression data; practical skill of using genome browsers to access genome data and genome comparison data; understanding gene prediction and genome annotation pipelines; skill of performing individual gene predictions; understanding different levels of variation in human genomes; understanding basic workflows of microarray data analysis and next-generation sequencing data analysis; basic knowledge of experimental methods in proteomics and metabolomics which enables understanding data analysis in these fields; skill of identifying proteins from mass spectroscopic data.